Space probe | First space probe | Ask Me Anything | Science Facts |

 Space Probe

A space probe is a robotic spacecraft that does not orbit Earth, but instead, explores further into outer space. A space probe may approach the Moon; travel through interplanetary space; flyby, orbit, land on other planetary bodies; or enter interstellar space.

The space agencies of the USSR (now Russia and Ukraine), the United States, the European Union, Japan, China, India, and Israel have collectively launched probes to several planets and moons of the Solar System, as well as to a number of asteroids and comets. Approximately 15 missions are currently operational.

Some space probes names:-

Luna 9

First man-made object to soft-land on the Moon, or any other extra terrestrial surface.

Share:

Read More

Dark energy and Dark Matter | Science Facts |

Dark energy and Dark Matter

Dark matter is a form of matter that accounts for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe and about a quarter of its total mass-energy density or about 2.241×10−27 kg/m3. Its presence is implied in a variety of astrophysical observations, including gravitational effects that cannot be explained by accepted theories of gravity unless more matter is present than can be seen. For this reason, most experts think that dark matter is abundant in the universe and has had a strong influence on its structure and evolution. Dark matter is called dark because it does not appear to interact with the electromagnetic field, which means it doesn't absorb, reflect or emit electromagnetic radiation, and so is difficult to detect.

 "It covers the 95% of the total universe entire 5% is a planet, galaxy, astronauts, stars, etc." 

About Dark Matter?

By fitting a theoretical model of the composition of the universe to the combined set of cosmological observations, scientists have come up with the composition that we described above, ~68% dark energy, ~27% dark matter, and ~5% normal matter.

We are much more certain what dark matter is not than we are what it is. First, it is dark, meaning that it is not in the form of stars and planets that we see. Observations show that there is far too little visible matter in the universe to make up the 27% required by the observations. Second, it is not in the form of dark clouds of normal matter, mat butter is made up of particles called baryons. We know this because we would be able to detect baryonic clouds by their absorption of radiation passing through them. Third, dark matter is not antimatter, because we do not see the unique gamma rays that are produced when antimatter annihilates with matter. Finally, we can rule out large galaxy-sized black holes on based know the many gravitational lenses we see. High concentrations of matter bend light passing near them from objects further away, but we do not see enough lensing events to suggest that such objects toke up the required 25% dark matter contribution.

Dark Energy in physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy that affects the universe on the largest scales. The first observational evidence for its existence came from supernovae measurements, which showed that the universe does not expand at a constant rate; rather, the expansion of the universe is accelerating. Understanding the evolution of the universe requires knowledge of the starting conditions and what it consists of. PrBeforehese observations, the only forms of matter-energy known to exist were ordinary matter, dark matter, and radiation.

About Dark Energy?

More is unknown than is known. We know how much dark energy there is because we know how it affects the universe's expansion. Other than that, it is a complete mystery. But it is an important mystery. It turns out that roughly 68% of the universe is dark energy. Dark matter makes up about 27%. The rest - everything on Earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments, all normal matter - adds up to less than 5% of the universe. Come to think of it, maybe it shouldn't be called "normal" matter at all since it is such a small fraction of the universe.

Another explanation for how space acquires energy comes from the quantum theory of matter. In this theory, "empty space" is actually full of temporary ("virtual") particles that continually form and then disappear. But when physicists tried to calculate how much energy this would give empty space, the answer came out wrong - wrong by a lot. The number came out 10120 times too big. That's a 1 with 120 zeros after it. It's hard to get an answer that bad. So the mystery continues.

Another explanation for dark energy is that it is a new kind of dynamical energy fluid or field, something that fills all of space but something whose effect on the expansion of the universe is the opposite of that of matter and normal energy. Some theorists have named this "quintessence," after the fifth element of the Greek philosophers. But, if quintessence is the answer, we still don't know what it is like, what it interacts with, or why it exists. So the mystery continues.

The last possibility is that Einstein's theory of gravity is not correct. That would not only affect the expansion of the universe, but it would also affect the way that normal matter in galaxies and clusters of galaxies behaved. This fact would provide a way to decide if the solution to the dark energy problem is a new gravity theory or not: we could observe how galaxies come together in clusters. But if it does turn out that a new theory of gravity is needed, what kind of theory would it be? How could it correctly describe the motion of the bodies in the Solar System, as Einstein's theory is known to do, and still give us the different predictions for the universe that we need? There are candidate theories, but none are compelling. So the mystery continues.

If You Have Any Query Ask Me in the Comment section.

PRESENTED BY:- SCIENCE FACTS

Share:

Read More

How many humans have been into space?

 How many humans have been into space?

About 500 people from nearly 40 nations have traveled into space. However, only three countries have launched astronauts into space.

- Russia, the United States, and china. The moon is the farthest destination that any human has been in space.

Five Space Firsts

1. Yuri Gagarin

The Russian Astronaut was the first human in space. He traveled once around Earth in Vostok 1 on 12 April 1961 in 108 minutes.

2. Valentina Tereshkova

On 16 June 1963, The Russians become the first woman in space. She made 48 orbits of Earth in 71 hours.

3. Neil Armstrong

The first person to walk on the Moon, on 21 July 1969, said "that's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."

4. Alexa Leony

On 18 March 1965, Leonov become the first person to spacewalk. Attached to a tether, he walked in space for a total of 10 minutes.

5. Dennis Tito

American Dennis Tito paid US$20 million to become the first space tourist on 28 April 2001, in seven days he orbited Earth 128 times.

Where did they go?

• Most astronauts have traveled only far as a few hundred kilometers above Earth.
• The first astronauts were launched inside a capsule. They sat in the nose part of a rocket. Once above the ground, the rocket fell away, and the astronauts inside the capsule began their orbits of the earth.
• Today, astronauts are launched by rocket or space shuttle, and the majority are delivered to the International Space Station (ISS).
• Twenty-six astronauts have traveled to the moon and back, and 12 of these have walked on the Surface of the Moon.

Astronaut Wanted

The European Space Agency enrolls candidates with the following attributes. When they last advertised, in June 2016, 10,884 people applied.

• Age Range:  27 to 37 yrs
• Height: 153cm-190cm
• Language: Speak and read English
• Education: University degree or equivalent in a science-based subject
• Health: Good or normal weight, mentally sound
• Personal Qualities: Good Reasoning, Capability, and memory, high motivation, flexibility, emotional stability, manual dexterity
• Extra Assets: Flying experience, speaking Russian

How to: Fix the Hubble Space Telescope?

01. Get Suited up, then pick up the new telescope part and your tools for fixing it in place.

02. With your feet and back attached to the space shuttle's robotic arms, move into position.

03. A second astronaut attached to a tether uses a screwdriver to remove an old part.

04. Use your helmet light to see as you install the new part. Helmet cameras record every move.

05. Job Done. Once you are both back inside the space shuttle, release the telescope into its orbit.

What's in a name?

The word astronaut comes from the Greek for"star" and"sailor", and it's used to describe all space travelers. Russian space travelers are called cosmonauts, Chinese taikonauts.

What about me?

Do you want to go into space? For us$200,000 you can book a seat on SpaceOneShip for a 100 km altitude, edge-of-space trip in 2018, to experience about six minutes of weightlessness.

Like father, like son

Russian Alexander Volkov First flew into space in 1985. His son, Sergei Volkov followed in his footsteps when he flew to the International Space Station in April 2008.

RECORD BREAKER

On 11 March 2001, US astronauts Susan Helmes and Jim Voss spent 8 hours and 56 minutes working outside the International Space Station, the longest period of extravehicular activity to date.

How to space affects the human body?

01: Nearly all astronauts experience space sickness soon after entering space.The symptoms, such as headaches, nausea, and vomiting, last for only a day or two.

02: Body fluids rise to your head and give you head and give you a head cold, stuffy nose, and puffy face.

03: Less fluid in the lower body results in a smaller leg circumference called "bird legs".

04: The heart shrinks because it does work so hard in space.

Share:

Read More

About dark matter? | Dark energy vs Dark Matter | Science facts |

Dark energy and Dark Matter

Dark matter is a form of matter thought to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe and about a quarter of its total mass-energy density or about 2.241×10⁻²⁷ kg/m³. Its presence is implied in a variety of astrophysical observations, including gravitational effects that cannot be explained by accepted theories of gravity unless more matter is present than can be seen. For this reason, most experts think that dark matter is abundant in the universe and that it has had a strong influence on its structure and evolution. Dark matter is called dark because it does not appear to interact with the electromagnetic field, which means it doesn't absorb, reflect or emit electromagnetic radiation, and so is difficult to detect.

 "It covers the 95% of the total universe entire 5% is a planet, galaxy, astronauts, stars, etc." 

              

Dark Energy in physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy that affects the universe on the largest scales. The first observational evidence for its existence came from supernovae measurements, which showed that the universe does not expand at a constant rate; rather, the expansion of the universe is accelerating. Understanding the evolution of the universe requires knowledge of the starting conditions and what it consists of. PrBeforehese observations, the only forms of matter-energy known to exist were ordinary matter, dark matter, and radiation.

About Dark Matter?

By fitting a theoretical model of the composition of the universe to the combined set of cosmological observations, scientists have come up with the composition that we described above, ~68% dark energy, ~27% dark matter, and ~5% normal matter.

We are much more certain what dark matter is not than we are what it is. First, it is dark, meaning that it is not in the form of stars and planets that we see. Observations show that there is far too little visible matter in the universe to make up the 27% required by the observations. Second, it is not in the form of dark clouds of normal matter, mat butter made up of particles called baryons. We know this because we would be able to detect baryonic clouds by their absorption of radiation passing through them. Third, dark matter is not antimatter, because we do not see the unique gamma rays that are produced when antimatter annihilates with matter. Finally, we can rule out large galaxy-sized black holes on based know the many gravitational lenses we see. High concentrations of matter bend light passing near them from objects further away, but we do not see enough lensing events to suggest that such objects toke up the required 25% dark matter contribution.

About Dark Energy?

More is unknown than is known. We know how much dark energy there is because we know how it affects the universe's expansion. Other than that, it is a complete mystery. But it is an important mystery. It turns out that roughly 68% of the universe is dark energy. Dark matter makes up about 27%. The rest - everything on Earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments, all normal matter - adds up to less than 5% of the universe. Come to think of it, maybe it shouldn't be called "normal" matter at all since it is such a small fraction of the universe.

Another explanation for how space acquires energy comes from the quantum theory of matter. In this theory, "empty space" is actually full of temporary ("virtual") particles that continually form and then disappear. But when physicists tried to calculate how much energy this would give empty space, the answer came out wrong - wrong by a lot. The number came out 10120 times too big. That's a 1 with 120 zeros after it. It's hard to get an answer that bad. So the mystery continues.

Another explanation for dark energy is that it is a new kind of dynamical energy fluid or field, something that fills all of space but something whose effect on the expansion of the universe is the opposite of that of matter and normal energy. Some theorists have named this "quintessence," after the fifth element of the Greek philosophers. But, if quintessence is the answer, we still don't know what it is like, what it interacts with, or why it exists. So the mystery continues.

The last possibility is that Einstein's theory of gravity is not correct. That would not only affect the expansion of the universe, but it would also affect the way that normal matter in galaxies and clusters of galaxies behaved. This fact would provide a way to decide if the solution to the dark energy problem is a new gravity theory or not: we could observe how galaxies come together in clusters. But if it does turn out that a new theory of gravity is needed, what kind of theory would it be? How could it correctly describe the motion of the bodies in the Solar System, as Einstein's theory is known to do, and still give us the different predictions for the universe that we need? There are candidate theories, but none are compelling. So the mystery continues.

If You Have Any Query Ask Me in the Comment section.

PRESENTED BY:- SCIENCE FACTS

Share:

Read More

Coronavirus - lockdown 2020 | Stay Home Stay Alive

Overview

CoronaVirus

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.

Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment.  Older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illnesses.

The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is to be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes, and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol-based rub frequently and not touching your face. 

The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).

At this time, there are no specific vaccines or treatments for COVID-19. However, many ongoing clinical trials are evaluating potential treatments. WHO will continue to provide updated information as soon as clinical findings become available.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Coronavirus are various like:-

The COVID-19 virus affects different people in different ways.  COVID-19 is a respiratory disease and most infected people will develop mild to moderate symptoms and recover without requiring special treatment.  People who have underlying medical conditions and those over 60 years old have a higher risk of developing severe disease and death.

Common symptoms include:

• fever
• tiredness
• dry cough.

Other symptoms include:

• shortness of breath
• aches and pains
• sore throat
• and very few people will report diarrhea, nausea, or a runny nose.

People with mild symptoms who are otherwise healthy should self-isolate and contact their medical provider or a COVID-19 information line for advice on testing and referral.

People with fever, cough, or difficulty breathing should call their doctor and seek medical attention.

Prevention of virus

To prevent infection and to slow transmission of COVID-19, do the following:

• Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, or clean them with an alcohol-based hand rub.
• Maintain at least a 1-meter distance between you and people coughing or sneezing.
• Avoid touching your face.
• Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
• Stay home if you feel unwell.
• Refrain from smoking and other activities that weaken the lungs.
• Practice physical distancing by avoiding unnecessary travel and staying away from large groups of people.

Lockdown status of india

It will be released on 3 May.

Thank you guys meet in Next Blog.

Share:

Read More

About Universe | Big Bang | universe facts | science facts | creation of universe

BigBang

The Universe is everything we can see, and a lot that we can't see. It was created in the Big Bang explosion and has been changing and expanding ever since.

How old is the Universe?  

The universe is about 13.7 billion years old. At its beginning, it looked nothing like it does today.
Yet, everything in today's universe did exist in some form back then. It all started with the Big Bang, a kind of explosion that would not only go on to produce all the matter in the universe but also marked the start of time.

Elements in the sun.                         ⮞

1. Everything in the universe produces energy- you produce energy when you exercise and light energy is produced by the nuclear reaction inside stars.

2. The Universe is expanding by about 70 km (43 Miles) every second.

3. All the elements on earth, including all the elements in your body, were produced in stars.

4. The elements in the universe today were produced from the elements created in the big bang. And all the elements which are presented in the periodic table have come from the universe after the big bang occurs.

What's in the name?

The term "Big Bang" was coined by Fred Hoyle in 1950 to illustrate to his radio listeners the difference between it and his own theory.

"Steady State" where the Universe has no beginning.

Australopithecus skull

Human origins
5 billion years ago
The sun formed from hydrogen and helium and small amounts of other elements.
4.5 billion years ago
Some of the materials not used up in the sun joined together to form Earth.
About 3.7 billion years ago
carbon-containing molecules in 

young Earth's oceans evolved into 

bacteria-like cells; the first forms 

of primitive life.
1 million years ago
The first humans walked on Earth.

                                                              

How to : create the Universe

01. Start time with a Big Bang - a massive explosion that lasts or less than one trillionth of a second that will create tiny particles of radiation smaller than the size of a  full stop.

02. Wait 380,000 years for the first atoms to form a mix that is 76 % hydrogen and 24% helium.

03. After 1 billion years check that the first stars were formed, and there are dwarf galaxies throughout the Universe.

04. When the Universe is 3 billion years old, merge small galaxies form massive ones.

05. When 9 million years old, form our solar system in the Milky Way Galaxy.

Thank you Guyzzz how's our Blog. Tell us in a comment and if you have any questions related to our blog so ask me guys and subscribe to our blog for more info.
Have a nice day.

Thank you

Share:

Read More

Space probe | first space probe | Ask Me Anything | sciencefact

Space probe

A space probe is a robotic spacecraft that does not orbit Earth, but instead, explores further into outer space. A space probe may approach the Moon; travel through interplanetary space; flyby, orbit, or land on other planetary bodies; or enter interstellar space.

The space agencies of the USSR (now Russia and Ukraine), the United States, the European Union, Japan, China, India, and Israel have collectively launched probes to several planets and moons of the Solar System, as well as to a number of  asteroids and comets. Approximately 15 missions are currently operational.

Some space probes names:-

Luna 9

First man-made object to soft land on the Moon, or any other extra terrestrial surface.

Luna 3

First mission to photograph the far side of the Moon, launched in 1959.

Luna 16

First robotic sample return probe from the Moon.

Lunokhod 1

First rover on Moon. It was sent to the Moon on November 10, 1970.

Mariner 10

First probe to Mercury.

Venera 4

First successful in-place analysis of another planet. It may have also been the first space probe to impact the surface of another planet, although it is unclear whether it reached Venus' surface.

Venera 7

The Venera 7 probe was the first spacecraft to successfully soft land on another planet (Venus) and to transmit data from there back to Earth.

Mariner 9

Upon its arrival at Mars on November 13, 1971, Mariner 9 became the first space probe to maintain orbit around another planet.

Mars 3

First soft landing on Mars (December 2, 1971) The lander began transmitting to the Mars 3 orbiter 90 seconds after landing. After 20 seconds, transmission stopped for unknown reasons.

Sojourner

First successful rover on Mars.

What is a space probe?

A space probe is the everyday name given to an unmanned spacecraft, and there are several types. Fly-by crafts travel past their target, orbiters fly around it, and landers touch-down on it, either standing still or releasing a rover to travel across its surface.

Tell me more: spacecraft anatomy

A probe is a car- or bus-sized robot that is individually designed for a specific purpose. This is Rosetta, which will orbit a comet and travel with it as it journeys around the Sun.

Solar panels: Convert the sun's energy into electrical energy to power the craft. The total wingspan is 32 m (105 ft).

Instruments: Rosetta  carries 11 instruments. This one tests the comet's environment.

MIRO: The name of the microwave instrument that senses the sub- surface temperature of the comet's nucleus.

Radiator: One in a series of radiators that prevent the craft from overheating.

Antenna: The 2.2 m (7 ft) wide steerable antenna will send collected data to Earth.

Insulation: Rosetta's bosy is covered with dark thermal insulation to keep its warmth when in the cold outer solar system.

Philae: Released by Rosetta to land on the comet's nucleus and drill into it for samples.

• Sun watchers

The spacecraft Ulysses, SOHO, and Hinode are all monitoring the activity of the Sun.

• Record Breaker

The spacecraft Helios 2 is the fastest artifical object. It studied the Sun in the late 1970's, whizzing around it at a staggering 68.75 km/sec (42.72 miles/sec).

Voyager 1 is more than 16 billion km (10 billion miles) away - furthur from Earth than any other spacecraft. What's more, it is more than 100 times furthur from the Sun than Earth.

• Fly-by tour

The twin Voyager craft, which between 1979 and 1989 investigated all four gaint planets and 48 of their moons, are together the two most outstanding fly-by missions. They both flew by Jupiter and Saturn; Voyager 2 continued on past Uranus, then Neptune, and remains the only craft to visit these two planets.

Roving robots

• Lunokhod 1

The first rover to any solar system body, from 17 november 1970 it explored the Moon for about 10 months. Cameras allowed scientists on Earth to direct it.

• Sojourner

The first rover to a planet was a microwave-oven sized buggy. It was carried to Mars by the landing craft Pathfinder and worked for almost threer months in 1997.

• Spirit ans Oppotunity

Identical crafts that arrived on opposite sides on Mars in January 2004. Five years later, these robot geologists continue to roll across Mars at a speed of 5cm/sec (2 in/sec).

Fast Facts

Cassini-Huygens

01. After a seven-year voyage, Cassini-Huygens - the most expensive and one of the most sophisticated missions to date - arrived at Saturn in july 2004.

02. it is used its 12 instruments to study Saturn and its monns.

03. Smaller Huygens, hitching a ride with cassini, parachuted to the surface of Titan, which is Saturn's largest Moons.

04. The whole mission cost US$3.26 billion. The united states contributed US$2.6 billion, the European Space Agency US$500 million, and italy gave US$160 million.

05. A DVD on cassini contains signatures from 616,420 people from 81 natons.

06. The signatures of the astronomers Jean Cassini and Christiaan Huygens, whose names the craft bear, were taken from manuscripts and included in the DVD.

Where are they now?

Unlike astronauts, robotic craft do not have to return home once their work is done. Marry "dead" probes still orbit targets or remain where they landed.

• After eight years studying Jupiter and its moons, Galileo was delibrately put on a collision course with Jupiter. In september 2003, the craft disintegrated in the planet's atmosphere.
• Surveyor 3 (pictured) landed on the Moon in 1967. Two years later Charles Conrad and Alan Bean walked from their Apollo 12 module to surveyor 3 and took away a camera, soil scoop, and other bits of the craft for return to Earth.
• NEAR-shoemaker, the first craft to land on an asteroid, is still there. It was not originally meant to be there, as it was built only to orbit the asteroid.

Thankyou Guyzzz how'z our Blog.Tell us in a comment and if you have any question related to our blog so ask me guyzz and subscribe our blog for more info.

Share:

Read More